Welcome back to the video course on fluid mechanics. Saravanamuttoo encyclopedia of life support systems eolss the relevant steady flow equation is 1 22 qh h c c w. In most other respects they are very similar to peltons so the discussion above applies to both turbine types. Pelton turbine or pelton wheel turbine is basically an impulse turbine. Pelton turbine design of gilgel gibe ii uchicago geosci. Nptel transportation engineering nptel video lectures from. Thus the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. See more ideas about steam turbine, abandoned factory and industrial photography. Large, custombuilt pelton turbines for high output ranges are our speciality, but we also offer a full line of costeffective standard machines for small hydro power plants.
Hydraulic turbines difference between impulse and reaction hydraulic turbines. Turbomachinery aerodynamics nptel online videos, courses. They can handle a higher flow rate than a physically similarsized pelton turbine and the rotor is slightly cheaper to manufacture. Therefore, pelton wheels have only one turbine stage, unlike gas turbines that operate with compressible fluid. Introduction to fluid machines and compressible flow by prof. Autoplay when autoplay is enabled, a suggested video will automatically play next. Pelton turbine design of gilgel gibe ii at a runner circumferential velocity of around half the jet velocity, the maximum efficiency in the energy conversion is reached because the energy of the discharging water is at its minimum. The pelton turbine designed in this study was chosen to be included in the itoshima microhydro power generation system. Up next mod01 lec07 analysis of force on the bucket of pelton wheel and power generation duration. Lecture notes on data engineering and communications technologies. Pelton turbine among different types of impulse turbines, pelton wheel is the only turbine beingused at present. So this is the overview of the pelton wheel turbine, i tried my best to describe the whole thing, i hope you got the concept of pelton wheel. Pelton turbine pelton turbine characteristics a broad manufacturing program offers an economical solution for any requirement. Now if we define this power developed in terms of an hydraulic efficiency this way, that rho.
Transportation engineering video lectures, transportation engineering course videos, nptel transportation engineering, transportation engineering video classes, transportation engineering online videos, civil engineering video lectures, nptel video lectur. View notes pelton from faculti pe 2403 at open university malaysia. Hydraulic turbines their design and equipment nechleba. Reaction turbine blading and conditions figure 3 shows, at the top, the end view of four stages of fixed and moving blades of an. Turbines are defined as the hydraulic machines which convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. Francis turbine is used for the production of electricity in hydro. Condition for maximum efficiency in the case of pelton turbine. The flow was measured using a 4path acoustical meter on the supply penstock which appeared to index the performance well. Iit nptel civil engineering online video lectures, courses, tutorials, books civil engineering bridges, autocad, structural engineering youtube civil engineering videos. Turbomachinery aerodynamics nptel online videos, courses iit video lectures. Oversight of design, fabrication, and installation explores the u.
Similitude and dimensional analysis iii hydromechanics vvr090 analysis of turbomachines pumps centrifugal, axialflow turbines impulse, reaction dimensional analysis useful to make generalizations about similar turbomachines or distinguish between them. I just got back from giving a lecture on batteries at the. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record includes final page, issue and. Vtunptelnmeict project progress report the project on development of remaining three quadrants to nptel phasei under grant in aid nmeict, mhrd, new delhi. The pelton wheel turbine is a tangential flow impulse turbine. Gas turbines are available in sizes ranging from 500 kilowatts kw to 250 megawatts mw. Pdf power plant lecture notes chapter7 hydrowater power. Introduction of gas turbines turbines info wind turbine.
This lecture deals with laying a suitable foundation for your wind turbine and choosing an appropriate tower. Chaplin encyclopedia of life support systems eolss figure 4. Pelton wheel we can write this p, what is this p, n is the rotational speed of the turbine, p is the power developed by the turbine, h is the head available to the machine, to the turbine. The ideal pelton runner absolute velocity from nozzle. The basic setup must be able to cope with the stresses of the worst weather, not just the ambient wind on a nice breezy day. Torque nm against turbine rotational speedhz curve. Dec 22, 20 to obtain characteristics curves graph for qu, pu, efficiency vs nu at full,46and 26 gate openings forgiven pelton wheel.
Pelton turbine with six nozzles has a specific speed of 8. Download the apsdfd synoptic aps dfd 20 university of. Jet aircraft propulsion aero e 411 by nptel on iit bombay. One of the most powerful pelton turbine at that time with an output of 282 mw, a runner diameter of 4. Assembling the two with a combustor between gives us a gas generator, which is the heart of any gas turbine engine. Here importance of bucket shape, number of buckets.
Mechanical introduction to fluid machines and compressible. The pelton turbine is the most efficient of hydro turbines. Pdf modeling ofchemically reacting flows in a compressionignition. Engineering advancements pioneered the development of gas turbines in the early 1900s, and turbines began to be used for stationary electric power generation in the late 1930s. We scaled up and redesigned the pelton turbine for a flow rate of 80 ls and a pressure head of 29 m. These notes are of easyengineering team prepared notes. In this article, we see about the impulse turbine and reaction turbineprinciple, working and difference. The energy available at the turbine is only kinetic energy. Peloton technology, in which the volvo group is an investor, is.
Experimental setup consists of pelton turbine, inlet pressure gauge, centrifugal pump. Hydraulic turbines are machines which convert hydraulic energy in to mechanical energy. Energy resources and technology nptel online videos. An advertising campaign for the university of bristol was created by peloton. Energy resources and technology nptel online videos, courses iit video lectures. Pelton wheel turbine is used when water head is more than 200 meters. Ntroduction i 165 or 170, and the bucket is slightly smaller than a hydraulic turbine can be defined as a rotary machine, which. It is a hydraulic turbine which is used in most of the hydroelectric power plant to generate electricity. Performance characteristics output and efficiency variation with speed for different openings of the nozzle at a constant input head experimental setup. Repeat the procedure for half opening of the nozzle, keeping each time supply head constant at 2. After the introduction a lecture about nanjings situation and ambitions was given. Power outputw against turbine rotational speedhz curve and turbine efficiency% against turbine rotational speedhz curve 2. Analytical study on flow through a pelton turbine bucket.
This internal combustion engine study materials contains all the formulae and important theoretical aspects of mechanical engineering. A new task have been assigned to me from the department of mechanical engineering after the approval of its scientific committee to be a senior tutor of computational fluid dynamics cfd major. This mechanical energy is used in running an electric generator which is directly coupled to the shaft of the turbine. When a single jet is used horizontal shaft type pelton turbine is used and vertical shaft. Vtu nptel nmeict project progress report the project on development of remaining three quadrants to nptel phasei under grant in aid nmeict, mhrd, new delhi. Jet aircraft propulsion free aerospace engineering online course on nptel by iit bombay a m pradeep bhaskar roy intro to aircraft jet propulsion. Impulse pelton wheel high head, low flow fluid through nozzle.
Kinds of open channel flow, channel geometry, types and regimes of flow,velocity distribution in open channel, wide open channel, specific energy, critical flow and its computation,energy in nonprismatic channel, momentum in open channel flow, specific force. In this article we will study about the pelton wheel or pelton turbine working, main parts, application with diagram. Because water and most liquids are nearly incompressible, almost all of the available energy is extracted in the first stage of the hydraulic turbine. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Turgo turbines were developed by gilkes in 1919 and are a development of the pelton turbine. Each turbine jet was tested using only one jet at a time while at 100 % needle opening. Unesco eolss sample chapters thermal power plants vol. Turbine shear technologies has pioneered high efficiency mixing technology which allows for up to 30% less product usage in various drilling fluid systems. The water strikes the bucket along the tangent of the runner. Apr 21, 2016 it gives the concept of pelton wheel and concept of hydraulic,mechanical and overall efficiencies. Turbine types positive displacement typically only flow measurement dynamic flow measurement and power nomenclature pumps impellers turbines runners 2 subtypes impulse reaction 6. Quantity of water striking the buckets can be controlled by the movement of a streamlined shaped spear working inside the supply pipe nozzle, thus changing. Nptel transportation engineering nptel video lectures.
Pelton turbine working, main parts, application with diagram. Reaction turbine blading and conditions figure 3 shows, at the top. The results of the testing showed that the relative. The first units were made with flow control doors rather than a manual internal valve. Impulse turbine and reaction turbineprinciple, working. Mod01 lec07 analysis of force on the bucket of pelton. Hydraulic turbinesbasic principles and stateofthe art. Som,department of mechanical engineering,iit kharagpur. At each loading, note down the rotational speed rpm of the turbine using a tachometer. In this paper the effect of bucket friction was analyzed using boundary layer theory. Working and design of pelton wheel is elaborated through video animation in this lecture. Uses the potential energy and kinetic energy of water and rotate the rotor by dynamic action of water. Saravanamuttoo encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1.
Apr 25, 2016 hydraulic turbines are machines which convert hydraulic energy in to mechanical energy. Pump and turbine theory energy and power pump selection pumppipe networks use of pipe network analysis program epanet2. This turbine is suitable for high head and low flow plants. Indus turbine turbines an introduction a turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into mechanical energy classification of turbines classification of turbines based on working fluid 1. Three horizontal pelton turbines were replaced by one 48 mw vertical machine while preserving historical structures. Indus turbine turbines an introduction a turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into mechanical energy. Turbines revolutionized airplane propulsion in the 1940s, and in the 1990s through today have been a popular choice for new power generation plants in the united states.
Pdf power plant lecture notes chapter6 gas turbines. In this article, we see about the impulse turbine and reaction turbine principle, working and difference. Introduction the first successful application of the gas turbine for electricity generation was the 4 mw plant installed by brown boveri in neuchatel, switzerland, in. It was discovered in 188 0 by an american engineer lestera. Applications pelton wheels are the preferred turbine for hydropower, when the available water source has relatively high hydraulic head.
All the turbine passage is completely full of water and atmospheric air has no access to them. Modification of nozzles for the improvement of efficiency. Francis turbine is a combination of both impulse and reaction turbine, where the blades rotate using both reaction and impulse force of water flowing through them producing electricity more efficiently. Pelton turbine or pelton wheel turbine mechanicaltutorial. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Nptel video lectures, iit video lectures online, nptel youtube lectures, free video lectures, nptel online courses, youtube iit videos nptel courses. To determine specific speed, ns, for the turbine at design head of 15m 2. A local iron manufacturer was commissioned to produce it.
A common classification of modern pelton turbine designs is related to the orientation of the shaft. The ideal brayton cycle, example 1, the actual simple gas turbine cycle, example 2, splitting the. Introduction to reaction type of hydraulic turbine a francis turbine lecture 10. Mod01 lec07 analysis of force on the bucket of pelton wheel and power generation. Nptel syllabus introduction to fluid machines and compressible flow video course course detail. Performance characteristics of a pelton turbine aim.
Introduction pumps and turbines appear many places in hydraulics and other civil and environmental engineering applications. It operates under v ery high heads upto 1800 m and requires comparatively lesser quantity of water. Department of the interiors bureau of ocean energy management, regulation, and enforcement boemre approach to overseeing the development and safe operation of wind turbines on the outer continental shelf, with a focus on structural safety. The design of highefficiency turbomachinery and gas. Whether youre looking to improve your existing mud plant and finished products with higherperforming results or needing flexibility on development of a mobile plant, were happy to.
Building the healthy city is one of three videos in which iabratelier utrecht has interviewed local stakeholders on the healthy city. Gas turbines can be used in poweronly generation or in combined heat and power chp systems the most efficient commercial technology for central station poweronly generation is the gas turbinesteam turbinecombinedcycle plant, with efficiencies approaching 60 percent lower heating value lhv. Pdf easyengineering team internal combustion engine. The flow verses mw was correlated for the 6 different single jet test runs. Specific speed, governing and limitation of a pelton turbine lecture 9. The francis turbine, kaplan turbine and propeller turbines are reaction turbines. Before we go into hydraulic turbines, let me show you a schematic or picture of hydroelectric power plant.
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